Integrating Jigsaw and Picture-and-Picture Cooperative Learning in Sprint Instruction: A One-Group Pre–Post Study in an Indonesian Madrasah Aliyah

Febri Sapta Pradana; Putri Cicilia Kristina; Bambang Hermansah

doi:10.56741/IISTR.jpes.002043

Authors

Febri Sapta Pradana
febrisapta02@gmail.com
Universitas PGRI Palembang
Putri Cicilia Kristina Universitas PGRI Palembang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6803-4133
Bambang Hermansah Universitas PGRI Palembang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-4980

Keywords:

Cooperative Learning, Jigsaw, Picture-And-Picture, Physical Education, Sprint Running

Abstract

Sprint-running instruction in school physical education requires students to coordinate key technique phases (start, acceleration, arm action, and posture) while maintaining motivation, yet teacher-centred drills can reduce active learning time, feedback, and peer modeling. This study evaluated the feasibility of implementing a combined cooperative-learning approach (Jigsaw and Picture-and-Picture) in sprint-running lessons and examined whether learning outcomes improved from pretest to posttest. A one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted with 25 students from MAN 1 OKI (Ogan Komering Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia). The intervention was delivered across four class meetings during September–October 2025 by integrating peer-teaching through home/expert groups with sequenced visual representations of sprint technique. Learning outcomes were assessed using a composite score covering cognitive (multiple-choice test), affective (observation), and psychomotor (performance rubric) domains. Mean scores increased from 62.8 (SD = 11.78) at pretest to 67.6 (SD = 8.72) at posttest, and a paired-samples t-test showed a significant difference, t(24) = 3.806, p = 0.001, with a moderate-to-large within-subject effect (Cohen’s dz ≈ 0.76). The model was feasible to implement within regular PE lessons and offers a practical option to increase student involvement and clarify technique through step-by-step visuals. However, because the design lacked a comparison group, the improvement cannot be attributed solely to the intervention; future multi-site studies with control groups are recommended.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Febri Sapta Pradana, Universitas PGRI Palembang

is a Master of Education (M.Ed.) student in the Physical Education Program at Universitas PGRI Palembang, Indonesia. His academic interests include physical education, sports pedagogy, motor learning, sports performance, and educational research. He actively participates in research projects related to physical education and sports science and is committed to promoting innovative teaching practices and healthy lifestyles through education. (email: febrisapta02@gmail.com).

Putri Cicilia Kristina, Universitas PGRI Palembang

is a lecturer in the Physical Education Program at Universitas PGRI Palembang, Indonesia. She is actively engaged in teaching, research, and community service in the fields of physical education, sports science, and health promotion. Her research interests include sports pedagogy, physical activity, exercise science, and educational innovation. She has published scholarly articles in national and international journals and regularly participates in academic conferences. (email: putrick@univpgri-palembang.ac.id).

Bambang Hermansah, Universitas PGRI Palembang

is a lecturer in the Physical Education Program at Universitas PGRI Palembang, Indonesia. His academic work focuses on physical education, sports science, coaching, and exercise physiology. He is actively involved in teaching, research, and community engagement aimed at advancing sports education and promoting healthy lifestyles. His research has contributed to the development of evidence-based practices in physical education and sport science. (email: Bambanghermansah@univpgri-palembang.ac.id).

References

J. R. Rudd, C. Pesce, B. W. Strafford, and K. Davids, “Physical Literacy - A Journey of Individual Enrichment: An Ecological Dynamics Rationale for Enhancing Performance and Physical Activity in All,” Front. Psychol., vol. 11, p. 533387, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01904. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01904

M. V. Adegbija and M. A. Fakomogbon, “Instructional Media In Teaching And Learning: A Nigerian Perspective,” Glob. media j., vol. 6, no. 2, Jan. 2013, doi: 10.5789/6-2-114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5789/6-2-114

Amirudin Kassim and Mohd Norazmi Nordin, “An Effective Teaching Aids Using Visual, Auditory And Kinesthetic Learning Styles For Students With Special Needs,” Special Education (SE), vol. 2, no. 1, p. e0009, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.59055/se.v2i1.9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59055/se.v2i1.9

M. M. Asad, N. Hussain, M. Wadho, Z. H. Khand, and P. P. Churi, “Integration of e-learning technologies for interactive teaching and learning process: an empirical study on higher education institutes of Pakistan,” JARHE, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 649–663, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1108/JARHE-04-2020-0103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-04-2020-0103

W. Ji, “A study of the effects of strategies for conducting cooperative games in kindergartens on the establishment of peer relationships in preschool children,” SHS Web Conf., vol. 222, p. 04002, 2025, doi: 10.1051/shsconf/202522204002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202522204002

T. Ngoc Tuong Nguyen and D. Thi Kim Oanh, “Cooperative learning and its influences on student engagement,” Cogent Education, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 2513414, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.1080/2331186X.2025.2513414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2513414

T. Zhou and J. Colomer, “Cooperative Learning Promoting Cultural Diversity and Individual Accountability: A Systematic Review,” Education Sciences, vol. 14, no. 6, p. 567, May 2024, doi: 10.3390/educsci14060567. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14060567

J. Yan, B. Jones, J. J. Smith, P. Morgan, and N. Eather, “A Systematic Review Investigating the Effects of Implementing Game-Based Approaches in School-Based Physical Education Among Primary School Children,” Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 573–586, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.1123/jtpe.2021-0279. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2021-0279

I. A. Essiet et al., “A systematic review of tools designed for teacher proxy-report of children’s physical literacy or constituting elements,” Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 131, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.1186/s12966-021-01162-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01162-3

C. Poulin and M. Davis, “Advancing Quality Physical Education: From the Canadian PHE Competencies to the QPE Foundations and Outcomes Frameworks,” Education Sciences, vol. 15, no. 10, p. 1376, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.3390/educsci15101376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15101376

I. Abduh, A. Saparia, J. Jumain, Z. Ziulhaq, and M. Usba, “The Creativity of Physical Education Teachers, Sports, and Health,” Musamus Journal of Physical Education and Sport (MJPES), vol. 6, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.35724/mjpes.v6i2.6060.

R. Abusleme-Allimant et al., “Effects of Structured and Unstructured Physical Activity on Gross Motor Skills in Preschool Students to Promote Sustainability in the Physical Education Classroom,” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 13, p. 10167, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.3390/su151310167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310167

S. Adipat, K. Laksana, K. Busayanon, A. Asawasowan, and B. Adipat, “Engaging Students in the Learning Process with Game-Based Learning: The Fundamental Concepts,” International Journal of Technology in Education, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 542–552, 2021, Accessed: Jan. 03, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1311472 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.169

I. Fonseca, M. Caviedes, J. Chantré, and J. Bernate, “Gamification and Game-Based Learning as Cooperative Learning Tools: A Systematic Review,” International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), vol. 18, no. 21, pp. 4–23, Nov. 2023, Accessed: Jan. 03, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://www.learntechlib.org/p/223722/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v18i21.40035

Y. P. Puspita, Zawaqi Afdal Jamil, and Jamilah, “Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif dalam Mengembangkan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini di Taman Kanak-Kanak Islam Terpadu Mutiara Hati Kecamatan Kota Baru Kota Jambi,” PrimEarly, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 35–46, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.37567/primearly.v8i1.3764. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37567/primearly.v8i1.3764

I. M. B. Andika, P. Nita, H. Fahritsani, and S. Sugarwanto, “Adaptive Sports Learning in Physical Education: Theory and Practice for Physical Education (PE) Students,” 1, vol. 6, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.35724/mjpes.v6i2.6098.

N. Omarov, B. Omarov, Z. Azhibekova, and B. Omarov, “Applying an augmented reality game-based learning environment in physical education classes to enhance sports motivation,” Retos, vol. 60, pp. 269–278, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.47197/retos.v60.109170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.109170

A. Stanciulescu, F. Castronovo, and J. Oliver, “Assessing the impact of visualization media on engagement in an active learning environment,” International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 1150–1170, May 2024, doi: 10.1080/0020739X.2022.2044530. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2022.2044530

H. Tinmaz, M. Fanea-Ivanovici, and H. Baber, “A snapshot of digital literacy,” LHTN, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 20–23, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.1108/LHTN-12-2021-0095. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/LHTN-12-2021-0095

A. K. Sharma, “Cognitive and Psychological Aspects of Physics Learning,” Physics Journal | Farhangian University, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 28–39, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.48310/esip.2025.18642.1011.

Pelin Avcı and A. Bayrakdar, “Revolutionizing Sport - How Technology is Changing the Sports Industry?,” in The Use of Developing Technology in Sports, Özgür Yayınları, 2023. doi: 10.58830/ozgur.pub315.c1476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub315.c1476

D. Penney and M. Jess, “Physical education and physically active lives: a lifelong approach to curriculum development,” Sport, Education and Society, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 269–287, Jul. 2004, doi: 10.1080/1357332042000233985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1357332042000233985

M. Abarghoueinejad, D. Barreira, C. Dias, E. Guimarães, A. D. G. Baxter-Jones, and J. Maia, “Body Physique, Body Composition, Physical Performance, Technical and Tactical Skills, Psychological Development, and Club Characteristics of Young Male Portuguese Soccer Players: The INEX Study,” IJERPH, vol. 18, no. 7, p. 3560, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073560. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073560

M. Morral-Yepes, O. Gonzalo-Skok, T. Dos´Santos, and G. Moras Feliu, “Are change of direction speed and agility different abilities from time and coordinative perspectives?,” PLoS ONE, vol. 18, no. 12, p. e0295405, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295405

L. Yang, B. Gao, Y. Chen, Q. Xu, J. Zhou, and Q. Tang, “Comparing The Effects of Maximal Strength Training, Plyometric Training, and Muscular Endurance Training on Swimming-Specific Performance Measures: A Randomized Parallel Controlled Study in Young Swimmers,” jsportscimed, pp. 128–141, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.52082/jssm.2025.128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2025.128

R. Roth, L. Donath, L. Zahner, and O. Faude, “Acute Leg and Trunk Muscle Fatigue Differentially Affect Strength, Sprint, Agility, and Balance in Young Adults,” Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 2158–2164, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003112

D. C. Mănescu, “Big Data Analytics Framework for Decision-Making in Sports Performance Optimization,” Data, vol. 10, no. 7, p. 116, Jul. 2025, doi: 10.3390/data10070116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/data10070116

G. Nambi, W. K. Abdelbasset, B. A. Alqahtani, S. M. Alrawaili, A. M. Abodonya, and A. K. Saleh, “Isokinetic back training is more effective than core stabilization training on pain intensity and sports performances in football players with chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial,” Medicine, vol. 99, no. 21, p. e20418, May 2020, doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000020418

P. Riyanto and D. D. Kuswoyo, “Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Drible Bola Basket,” Musamus Journal of Physical Education and Sport (MJPES), vol. 2, no. 01, pp. 59–67, 2019, doi: 10.35724/mjpes.v2i01.2069. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35724/mjpes.v2i01.2069

Z. Hasanah and A. S. Himami, “Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Dalam Menumbuhkan Keaktifan Belajar Siswa,” Irsyaduna, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–13, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.54437/irsyaduna.v1i1.236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54437/irsyaduna.v1i1.236

S. Sirait, A. Anim, R. Hayati, and S. Widya, “Praktik Cooperative Learning Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Numerasi Disekolah Dasar,” jurdimas, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 314–319, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.33330/jurdimas.v5i3.1660. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33330/jurdimas.v5i3.1660

M. J. Van Ryzin and C. J. Roseth, “The Longitudinal Relationship Between Peer Relations and Empathy and Their Joint Contribution to Reducing Bullying in Middle School: Findings From a Randomized Trial of Cooperative Learning,” Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 147–165, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.1177/26320770221094032. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/26320770221094032

S. Khoiriyah, H. S. R. Khairani, R. R, A. N. K. Inthaha, and A. N. ‘Ilmi Azizah, “Analysis of Gymnastics Activities in Stimulating Gross Motor Development in Early Childhood,” Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 130–137, May 2026, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.20149677.

Md. A. G. @ Charles, M. R. Abdullah, R. M. Musa, N. A. Kosni, and A. B. H. Musawi Maliki, “The Effectiveness of Traditional Games intervention program in the Improvement of Form One School-Age Children’s Motor Skills Related Performance Components,” MoHE, vol. 6, no. 2, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.15282/mohe.v6i2.142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15282/mohe.v6i2.142

S. Atasavun Uysal and T. Düger, “Motor control and sensory-motor integration of human movement,” in Comparative Kinesiology of the Human Body, Elsevier, 2020, pp. 443–452. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-812162-7.00024-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812162-7.00024-2

C. Brewer, Athletic Movement Skills: Training for Sports Performance. Human Kinetics, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781492595250

R. Kobal et al., “Effects of Different Combinations of Strength, Power, and Plyometric Training on the Physical Performance of Elite Young Soccer Players,” Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 1468–1476, Jun. 2017, doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001609. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001609

A. I. Abdul Jabbar and P. Felicia, “Gameplay Engagement and Learning in Game-Based Learning: A Systematic Review,” Review of Educational Research, vol. 85, no. 4, pp. 740–779, Dec. 2015, doi: 10.3102/0034654315577210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315577210

C. Akdeniz, “Effects of Cognitive Stimulation, Physical Arrangement of The Learning Environment, and Instructional Tendency on Student Engagement,” 2024.

P. Bitrián, I. Buil, and S. Catalán, “Enhancing user engagement: The role of gamification in mobile apps,” Journal of Business Research, vol. 132, pp. 170–185, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.028. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.028

J. Choi, D. W. Johnson, and R. Johnson, “Relationships Among Cooperative Learning Experiences, Social Interdependence, Children’s Aggression, Victimization, and Prosocial Behaviors: INTERDEPENDENCE, AGGRESSION, AND PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR,” Journal of Applied Social Psychology, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 976–1003, Apr. 2011, doi: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00744.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00744.x

Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. CV. Alfabeta, 2012.

S. Arikunto, Arikunto, S. (2010). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik (Edisi Revi). PT. Rineka Cipta.Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik, Edisi Revi. PT. Rineka Cipta, 2010.

C. Sitinjak and Z. Canu, “The Importance Of Guidance And Counseling In Effective School Learning,” JIGE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 12–19, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.55681/jige.v4i1.516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55681/jige.v4i1.516

R. M. Fizi, S. Winarni, Guntur, and A. Hartanto, “A game model in physical education to improve motor skills, cooperation, and discipline of primary school learners,” ppcs, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 448–455, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.15561/26649837.2023.0602. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0602

K.-E. Chang, J. Zhang, Y.-S. Huang, T.-C. Liu, and Y.-T. Sung, “Applying augmented reality in physical education on motor skills learning,” Interactive Learning Environments, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 685–697, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1080/10494820.2019.1636073. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1636073

D. Jones, A. Innerd, E. L. Giles, and L. B. Azevedo, “Association between fundamental motor skills and physical activity in the early years: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Journal of Sport and Health Science, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 542–552, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.03.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.03.001