Occupational Safety and Health, Performance Appraisal, and Organizational Culture: A Model for Preventing Workplace Accidents and Improving Human Resource Productivity

Maidiana Astuti Handayani; Mardiana Puspasari

doi:10.56741/jmsd.v4i03.1772

Authors

Maidiana Astuti Handayani
maidiana_astuti@teknokrat.ac.id
Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1653-5769
Mardiana Puspasari Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56741/jmsd.v4i03.1772

Keywords:

Human Resource, Occupational Safety and Health, Organizational Culture, Performance Appraisal, Productivity

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of the work safety management audit program, occupational health, and performance appraisal on human resource productivity with organizational culture as a moderating variable. The research was conducted at four manufacturing companies in Palembang City using a quantitative associative approach. Primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 52 respondents, composed of Human Resource (HR) managers and staff, Human Resource Development (HRD), Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) managers and staff, internal auditors, and supervisors. Data were analyzed using multiple regression, t-test, F-test, moderation regression analysis (MRA), and coefficient of determination test. The results of the F-test indicate that the work safety management audit program, occupational health, and performance appraisal simultaneously affect human resource productivity. The t-test results show that the work safety management audit program and occupational health do not have a significant effect, while performance appraisal has a significant effect on human resource productivity. The MRA results reveal that organizational culture functions as a pure moderator of the relationship between the work safety management audit program and human resource productivity, as a quasi-moderator in the relationship between occupational health and productivity, and as a pure moderator in the relationship between performance appraisal and productivity. The R² test results show that human resource productivity is explained by 83% of the variables studied, while the remaining 17% is influenced by other factors outside this research. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening organizational culture to enhance the effectiveness of safety, health, and performance appraisal programs in improving productivity.

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Author Biographies

Maidiana Astuti Handayani, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

is an Assistant Professor and lecturer at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, specializing in Management and Human Resource Economics. She was born in Bandar Lampung on May 25, 1969. She completed her bachelor's degree in Financial Management at Universitas Lampung in 1992, followed by a master’s degree in Human Resource Economics from Universitas Sriwijaya in 2009, and earned her doctoral degree in Management Economics from the same institution in 2017. Throughout her academic career, she has taught at various universities including Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia Bandar Lampung, Universitas Islam Negeri Palembang, Universitas Bina Darma, Universitas MDP, and Universitas IBA. She currently teaches courses such as Research Methodology, Entrepreneurship, Banking and Financial Institutions, Operations Management, Management Information Systems, E-Commerce, and Agribusiness Accounting. She has authored several academic books, including Pengantar Komputer, Dac Easy Accounting, Perilaku Pasar Tenaga Kerja, Audit Sistem Informasi, E-Commerce, and more recent publications on digital business and technopreneurship. Her scholarly contributions also include research publications and community service programs focused on MSMEs empowerment, digital marketing, and household financial management. (email: maidiana_astuti@um-palembang.ac.id).

Mardiana Puspasari, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

is a lecturer at Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, specializing in Management and Marketing. She earned both her Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Management from Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, with research focusing on employee perception, experience, and job satisfaction, as well as positioning strategies for higher education institutions. She has taught several core courses, including Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Economic Mathematics, and Operations Management. Over the past five years, she has actively engaged in various research projects related to employee performance, consumer behavior, and the development of creative industries, alongside significant community service activities such as digital marketing training, cooperative financial reporting, and empowerment programs for women and MSMEs. She is also the author of the book Pengantar Technopreneurship Digitalisasi Bisnis (2024) and holds an intellectual property right for a Business Ethics textbook (2025). (email: mardianapuspasari165@gmail.com).

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