Journal of Management Studies and Development

IC-LEE Model: A Financial Inclusion Framework for Strengthening Coastal Tourism Economies Based on Local Wisdom

Okta Eka Putra — 2026-05-04

This study aims to examine the influence of local wisdom, financial innovation ecosystem, and financial inclusion on the development of the creative economy and local economic empowerment in coastal tourism at Benan Island, Lingga Regency. The research employed a quantitative approach using a model development study design. Data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS 4, and questionnaires were distributed to creative business actors and local communities. The results indicate that all proposed hypotheses were supported, showing that local wisdom, financial innovation ecosystem, and financial inclusion significantly affect the creative economy and local economic empowerment, both directly and indirectly through the mediation of financial inclusion and creative economy. The Adjusted R² values confirm that the model adequately explains the variance of the constructs, while the high Goodness of Fit demonstrates strong model suitability. These findings highlight the critical role of integrating local cultural values with financial innovation and creative economy development as an effective strategy to enhance sustainable community economic empowerment. The study provides practical implications for government, academics, and business actors to optimize collaboration in supporting the growth of a creative economy grounded in local wisdom.

Employee Turnover Intensity Among Generation Z in Indonesia's Financing Industry

Muhammad Junaid Imansyah — 2026-05-04

The study aim is to examine and investigate the capacity of job satisfaction as a mediator in the relationship between factors such as career development, employee engagement, employee well-being, and work-life balance with the tendency of turnover intention to Generation Z employees at PT FIF. This research was conducted using an explanatory quantitative approach. Data were collected through questionnaires sent online to Generation Z employees. The respondents were determined using purposive sampling. To process and test the model, this study adopted the PLS-SEM statistical analysis method, supported by the Smart-PLS application, to analyze the relationships between the constructs. The data derived from the investigation show career development, employee welfare, and work-life balance positively and significantly influence job satisfaction. In contrast, the empirical analysis revealed that employee engagement does not exert a statistically significantly influence job satisfaction. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that these independent variables had no significant direct relationship with turnover intensity. Similarly, the job satisfaction as intermediary was not confirmed, and further research is needed to understand the causal nexus of job satisfaction and employee performance. The model has strong explanatory power for job satisfaction but is limited in explaining turnover intention. This study contributes to the literature by placing employee well-being as the dominant factor shaping the job satisfaction of Generation Z in the financing sector.

Understanding Behavioural Finance: Investor Psychology and Market Anomalies

T. Venkatesan — 2026-05-10

This study explores the evolving field of behavioral finance, focusing on how psychological factors influence investor decision-making and contribute to persistent market anomalies. Unlike traditional financial theories that assume rational behavior and efficient markets, behavioral finance integrates cognitive biases, emotional influences, and social dynamics to explain deviations from expected market outcomes. The research examines key behavioral concepts such as overconfidence, loss aversion, herding, and framing effects, and their implications for asset pricing, risk perception, and investor behavior. Drawing upon recent empirical and theoretical work from both global and Indian contexts (2020–2025), the study highlights how these psychological elements lead to mispricing and volatility in financial markets. The findings suggest that incorporating behavioral insights can improve investment strategies, regulatory frameworks, and financial literacy programs. By advancing a multidisciplinary approach, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of real-world financial behavior and calls for more adaptive and inclusive financial systems.

Influence of BNPL Loans and Consumer Motivation on Youth Consumptive Behavior

Reza Anggapratama — 2026-05-10

This study aims to investigate the influence of buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) online loans and consumer motivation on the consumptive behavior of youth in Pungpungan Village, Bojonegoro Regency. The collected data were processed quantitatively.This study adopts a correlational research design to examine the relationships between buy-now-pay-later online loan usage, consumer motivation, and the consumptive behavior of youth in Pungpungan Village, Bojonegoro Regency. The final sample comprises 100 respondents. The results indicate that both Pay Later usage and consumer motivation have a positive and significant effect on the consumptive behavior of youth in Pungpungan Village, both individually and simultaneously. Pay Later usage shows a stronger influence (0.485) compared to consumer motivation (0.208), with the model explaining 31.8% of the variance in consumptive behavior. These findings suggest that the ease of deferred payments combined with high consumer motivation substantially drives impulsive and excessive spending among rural youth. This study extends the literature on consumer behavior by integrating buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) usage and consumer motivation as joint predictors of consumptive behavior in a rural youth context. It offers a novel perspective by highlighting how fintech adoption interacts with psychological drivers to shape spending patterns outside urban settings.

The Impact of Work-From-Home Arrangements on Job Satisfaction and Productivity in the Singapore Beverage Company

George Chang Foh Chun — 2026-05-11

Working from home offers employees greater flexibility and removes commuting time, but it may also create communication barriers, weaken teamwork, and increase feelings of isolation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies adopted work-from-home arrangements to maintain operations while protecting employee health. This study examines the impact of work-from-home practices on finance department staff, with particular attention to job satisfaction, productivity, and changes in work processes. A qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured interviews with selected employees from the Finance Department of Singapore Beverage Company, a mid-sized firm in the beverage sector. Purposive sampling was applied to recruit participants who had worked from home for at least three months, with the final number determined by data saturation. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and themes. The findings show that employees experienced work from home in different ways, balancing both benefits and challenges. Key themes included mixed levels of job satisfaction, varied productivity outcomes, and contextual factors influencing remote work experiences. The study highlights the importance of flexible and context-sensitive organizational policies. It also suggests that stronger policy support, adequate resources, and clearer work-life boundaries are necessary to improve employee well-being and maintain productivity in remote work settings.

The Influence of Digital Transformation on the Competitiveness of MSMEs with Performance as a Mediating Variable

Dian Arini — 2026-05-11

The contemporary business ecosystem environment continues to evolve rapidly, particularly with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Businesses now have to adjust to a more competitive and digitally focused environment if they are to survive. This research is aimed at understanding the effects of digital transformation of MSMEs and its effects on competitiveness, as well as MSME performance, and the impact of digitization on the MSME performance of MSMEs in the City of Kediri. 390 respondents were sampled for the given study, and the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling and Partial Least Squares Sem analysis. Findings support the theory that digital transformation impacts the MSME performance positively. Furthermore, it positively impacts the MSME's competitiveness. This is further demonstrated in the research, as the performance is stated to have a positive impact on their competitiveness. With the business performance improved financially, operationally, and in marketing, MSME's ability to generate value and strengthen a customer base and market position is enhanced. MSME performance mediates the influence of digital transformation on MSME competitiveness.

The Relationship of Social Media Exposure and Willingness to Visit Siargao Island, Philippines

Nicole Margareth Malibiran — 2026-05-13

This study explored the relationship between social media exposure and willingness to visit Siargao Island, Philippines, with destination image serving as a mediating variable. It aimed to determine how online content about Siargao influences people’s perceptions and travel intentions through both cognitive and emotional responses. The researchers employed a quantitative correlational research design. Data were gathered from 300 active social media users aged 18 and above residing in Metro Manila who have seen Siargao content on any social media platform in the past 12 months. Data were collected using an online survey questionnaire and analyzed using frequency, percentage, weighted mean, Pearson correlation, and mediation analysis through regression and the Sobel test. Findings revealed strong positive correlations among the main variables: social media exposure and destination image, destination image and willingness to visit, and social media exposure and willingness to visit. Results also indicated that destination image partially mediates the effect of social media exposure on willingness to visit, suggesting that exposure to online content enhances people’s interest by creating a positive image of the island. The study concludes that social media plays a vital role in shaping tourists’ perceptions and travel decisions. Authentic, visually engaging, and experience-driven content about Siargao can strengthen destination image and influence potential visitors’ intentions, providing valuable insights for destination marketers and tourism stakeholders in promoting travel through digital platforms.

Determinants of Customer Satisfaction with Automated Teller Machine (ATM) Services

David Nemomsa — 2026-05-16

This study investigates the determinants of customer satisfaction with Automated Teller Machine (ATM) services at the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) in Nekemte Town, within the context of Ethiopia’s rapidly expanding digital financial sector. ATMs play a vital role in improving banking accessibility and supporting financial inclusion, making customer satisfaction an important indicator of service quality and operational effectiveness. The research employed descriptive and explanatory research designs using quantitative methods. Primary data were collected from 184 active ATM users through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression techniques. The findings reveal that the reasonableness of transaction fees, accessibility and strategic location of ATMs, and the diversity of services available through ATM platforms significantly and positively influence customer satisfaction. Although respondents frequently reported technical malfunctions and operational interruptions, the variable representing the frequency of problems was not statistically significant in the regression model. This finding suggests that customers may have become accustomed to recurring technical issues within the banking system. The study concludes that improving ATM reliability, ensuring consistent machine functionality, expanding service features, and reviewing transaction fee structures are essential strategies for enhancing customer satisfaction and maintaining the bank’s competitive position in Ethiopia’s evolving digital banking environment.

Factors Influencing the Purchase Intention of Pop Mart Products

Benedict G. Leones — 2026-07-05

This study examines the factors influencing the intention to purchase among Filipino consumers toward Pop Mart products using a predictive-correlational research design. 383 Pop Mart customers in Metro Manila took part in both online and on-site surveys. The data were analyzed using statistical tools such as weighted mean, frequency and percentage distribution, and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that Attitude towards Behaviour, Perceived Value, and Word-of-Mouth had a significant influence on purchase intention among Filipino consumers when buying Pop Mart products, whereas Uncertainty did not. This study would greatly help marketers, brand managers, and even business owners who are aiming to enhance their purchase intention among their target markets like young Filipino consumers. Despite knowing that attitude, perceived value, and word-of-mouth significantly influenced intention to purchase, similar brands like Pop Mart may develop a strategy that highlights emotional satisfaction beyond owning the collectibles, uniqueness of the product, and the power of social influence that drives purchase intention.

Environmental Consciousness and Purchase Intention for Sustainable Eco-Friendly Pants

Alysa S. Acoba — 2026-07-05

This study explores how environmental consciousness influences the purchase intention of sustainable eco-friendly pants among Marketing Management students at the National University–Manila. To determine the relationship between environmental consciousness and purchase intention, focusing on how knowledge, concern, values, attitudes, and perceived consumer effectiveness affect students’ decisions to buy sustainable apparel. The study employed a quantitative-descriptive and correlational research design using a structured questionnaire. A total of 267 Marketing Management students from the National University–Manila participated. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, weighted mean, Pearson Chi-Square, and Pearson correlation. Findings revealed that students have a high level of environmental consciousness and strong purchase intention toward eco-friendly pants. A significant positive relationship exists between environmental consciousness and purchase intention. Students with greater environmental awareness are more inclined to purchase sustainable products, confirming that environmental consciousness directly influences green consumer behavior. Educational institutions, businesses, and policymakers may develop sustainability programs, green marketing strategies, and fashion campaigns to encourage eco-friendly consumer practices among students.

Sustaining Total Quality Management and ISO 9001 in Valenzuela, Philippines

Patrick De Leon — 2026-07-31

Administrative Order No. 161, Executive Order No. 605, and the current government policy on the grant of the performance-based bonus (PBB) have made the ISO 9001 Total Quality Management (TQM) model a part of the productivity and performance measurement and quality improvement programs of the Philippine Government. This study identified the factors that affect the sustainability of TQM and ISO 9001 adoption at the City Government of Valenzuela. The needed data for the study were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the aid of a questionnaire from 2017 to 2019. The study found the following as the sustainability factors for TQM and ISO 9001 adoption in Valenzuela: (1) six key elements for TQM implementation by Besterfield et al. (2003), namely, senior management commitment and/or the presence of a driver, quality council, middle managers or supervisors, communication, training, and customer, employee, and supplier surveys; (2) consideration of Filipino cultural values by Andres (1996); and (3) the frequency and nature of leadership change by De Leon (2017). The study recommends: (1) recognizing that TQM and ISO 9001 adoption involves a political process; (2) seeking a broad-based support to ensure that no single person owns the adoption process; (3) eliminating the need to train new implementors through succession planning: (4) avoiding conflicts by leveraging Filipino cultural values; (5) establishing a government agency to provide ISO 9001 certificates; (6) giving recognition, such as the Philippine Quality Award, to encourage TQM adoption; and (7) conducting studies that focus on leadership change, TQM and ISO 9001 internalization, minimizing employee resistance, and the economic benefits of TQM and ISO 9001 adoption.

Marketing Strategies for Construction Services in Facing Market Competition at PT Creative Berkat Abadi

Nailil Muna Meiliya — 2026-07-31

Increasingly fierce competition in Indonesia’s construction services sector requires companies to implement comprehensive and structured marketing strategies. This study aims to analyze the implementation of PT Creative Berkat Abadi’s construction services marketing strategy in responding to market competition using the 7P marketing mix framework (Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical Evidence). The method used was descriptive qualitative research, with data collected through observation, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and documentation from three key informants selected via purposive sampling. Data analysis employed the Miles and Huberman interactive model with triangulation of techniques and sources to ensure data validity. The research results indicate that PT Creative Berkat Abadi has implemented a fairly effective marketing strategy based on trust and personal relationships, characterized by integrated services (Engineering, General Contractor, Supplier, and Maintenance), transparent real-cost-based pricing, and word-of-mouth and repeat-order mechanisms that have successfully maintained a steady flow of clients over four years of operation. However, there are strategic limitations, including a lack of digital presence, the absence of written Standard Operating Procedures, and human resource development that remains informal. This study serves as a practical reference for medium-sized construction service companies seeking to optimize their marketing mix. The company is recommended to undertake digital transformation by developing a website and business social media accounts, formalize operational processes through the creation of SOPs, and diversify marketing channels to expand market reach and enhance long-term competitiveness.

GDP Composition and Poverty: Evidence from Cross-Country Data

Joseph Casey Diego Banjarnahor — 2026-08-01

This study examines whether the expenditure composition of gross domestic product (GDP) is systematically associated with poverty across countries, beyond the role of GDP levels alone. Using cross-country data from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators for the period 2000–2024, the study analyzes the relationship between poverty rates and the shares of consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports in GDP. The empirical approach combines descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and ordinary least squares regression based on long-run country averages, with log GDP per capita included as a control variable. The results indicate that countries with higher consumption shares tend to have higher poverty rates, while net export shares are negatively associated with poverty in bivariate analysis. However, after controlling income differences, the association between net exports and poverty becomes positive. Investment and government spending shares show weaker and less consistent relationships with poverty. Overall, the findings suggest that income remains the dominant factor associated with cross-country poverty differences, while GDP composition provides additional structural information related to poverty outcomes. The results should be interpreted as cross-country associations rather than causal effects.

Technology Trust and Intent to Use: The Mediating Effect of Quick Restaurant Self-Service Kiosks Aesthetics

Angila G. Abarro — 2026-08-09

This study examines how customers develop trust and intention to use self-service kiosks within quick-service restaurants. As digital systems become more common in food service, it is crucial to understand how users respond to both the functionality and aesthetics of kiosks. This research focuses on the mediating effect of self-service kiosk aesthetics on the relationship between technology trust and intent to use. Participants were individuals who used self-service kiosks and resided in Mandaluyong City, selected through a two-stage cluster sampling technique. Using a quantitative correlational design and Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the analysis confirmed that all constructs were valid and reliable. The results showed significant positive relationships between technology trust, self-service kiosk aesthetics, and intent to use. Mediation analysis further revealed that self-service kiosk aesthetics partially mediates this relationship, indicating that while technology trust directly increases intent to use, its influence becomes stronger when customers perceive the kiosk as visually appealing, simple, harmonious in color, and interactively designed. These findings suggest that self-service kiosk aesthetics is not merely an external feature but an indispensable component, and that investing in kiosk aesthetics functions as an investment in technology trust itself, which contributes to higher intent to use. Overall, the study enhances understanding of SSTs adoption by showing that aesthetic qualities work together with system functionality to encourage customer acceptance in quick-service restaurant settings.

Sustenance of Entrepreneurship Culture: Requisite of Financial Literacy in Contemporary Nigerian Society

Martins Ojo Erinsakin — 2026-08-11

Business failure has been a national issue of growing concern in Nigeria, and the reasons are varied. A descriptive survey research design was used. The study population comprised entrepreneurship students in Nigeria. The sample size of the study was 1,080 respondents who were selected through a simple random sampling technique, using a set of structured questionnaires that were validated for the study. Data were generated through a self-structured questionnaire titled Questionnaire on Sustenance of Entrepreneurship Culture: Requisite of Financial Literacy in Contemporary Nigerian Society (SECFRLNS), fashioned on a four-point rating scale: Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Disagree (D), and Strongly Disagree (SD), respectively, and 1 point, respectively. The research instruments were validated by experts in Measurement and Evaluation. Its reliability was determined through the test-retest method at two weeks interval. 0.70 coefficient reliability was established. A conclusion was made based on the results that financial literacy has no significant and positive influence on entrepreneurship culture in contemporary Nigerian society. Recommendations were made that the government should make the country secure for business activities. Besides, entrepreneurs should be assisted to source the initial capital from the conventional banking sector.

Internal Auditor Performance: Audit Structure, Compensation, Recommendation Quality, OCB, and Role Conflict

Ida Zuraida — 2026-08-11

Internal auditor performance plays a crucial role in strengthening corporate governance, internal control, and risk management within banking institutions. However, empirical evidence regarding the influence of audit structure, compensation, recommendation quality, OCB, and the moderating role of role conflict remains inconsistent. This study aims to examine the effects of audit structure, compensation, recommendation quality, and OCB on internal auditor performance, as well as the moderating effect of role conflict. A quantitative survey was conducted involving internal auditors from state-owned and regional-owned banks in Palembang City. Of the 117 distributed questionnaires, 58 valid responses were analyzed using multiple linear regression and MRA. The results indicate that audit structure, compensation, recommendation quality, and OCB simultaneously have a significant effect on internal auditor performance. Individually, OCB positively and significantly influences internal auditor performance, whereas audit structure and compensation show positive but insignificant effects, and recommendation quality has a negative but insignificant effect. Furthermore, role conflict does not significantly moderate the relationships between the independent variables and internal auditor performance. These findings highlight the importance of fostering extra-role behavior to enhance internal auditor performance beyond structural and financial aspects. The study contributes to the literature on internal auditing by providing empirical evidence from the Indonesian banking sector and offers practical implications for bank management in developing strategies to strengthen auditor performance through organizational support and OCB. Future studies are recommended to include broader samples and additional organizational and behavioral variables.