Development of a Padlet-Based Interactive Digital Comic to Enhance Learning Outcomes and Appeal of Science for Elementary School Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56741/IISTR.ijlree.001510
Keywords:
Content Validity, Interactive Digital Comic, Learning Outcomes, Padlet, Science Education
Abstract
In elementary science education, traditional didactic approaches frequently lead to low learning outcomes and disengaged students. By creating and examining the effectiveness of an interactive digital comic based on Padlet to improve student learning outcomes and subject appeal, this study filled this knowledge gap. With a perfect Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI/Ave) of 1.00, the product achieved a Highly Valid classification across content, media, and instructional design after undergoing rigorous expert validation using the Dick and Carey model. Its high acceptance (OMS = 0.46) was further validated by a small group feasibility evaluation. Twenty-four fourth-graders participated in a one-group pretest-posttest design to evaluate the comic's efficacy. The mean learning score increased dramatically from 56.16 on the pretest to 97.92 on the posttest, according to the results. This improvement was statistically significant (t = 10.24; p < .001), indicating that the comic promoted almost flawless subject mastery. In summary, it has been established that the interactive digital comic is a very legitimate, practical, and successful teaching tool for improving science education and boosting student interest in elementary school.
Downloads
References
T. Başar, “The Effect of Digital Stories on 3rd Graders’ Achievement, Attitudes and Motivation in Science Lesson,” Participatory Educational Research, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 127–142, 2022, doi: 10.17275/per.22.107.9.5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17275/per.22.107.9.5
Y. Sari, R. P. Sari, M. S. Sumantri, and A. Marini, “Development of digital comic for science learning in elementary school,” IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng, vol. 1098, no. 3, p. 032060, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/1098/3/032060.
B. Rayan and A. Watted, “Mejorar la educación en escuelas primarias mediante el aprendizaje gamificado: Explor,” Educ Sci (Basel), vol. 14, no. 3, 2024.
R. Calafato and F. Gudim, “Comics as a multimodal resource and students’ willingness to communicate in Russian,” Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 270–286, 2022, doi: 10.1080/21504857.2021.1951788. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21504857.2021.1951788
H. Aulia, M. Hafeez, H. U. Mashwani, J. D. Careemdeen, M. Mirzapour, and Syaharuddin, “The Role of Interactive Learning Media in Enhancing Student Engagement and Academic Achievement,” International Seminar on Student Research in Education, Science, and Technology, vol. 1, no. April, pp. 57–67, 2024, [Online]. Available: http://journal.ummat.ac.id/index.php/issrestec
J. Lamminpää, V. M. Vesterinen, and K. Puutio, “Draw-a-science-comic: exploring children’s conceptions by drawing a comic about science,” Research in Science and Technological Education, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 39–60, 2023, doi: 10.1080/02635143.2020.1839405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2020.1839405
E. E. Lestari and Firman, “The effectiveness of learning using comic media in reducing bullying in class V elementary school,” J. Penelitian Pendidik. IPA, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 10–15, 2025, doi: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i5.11173. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i5.11173
K. A. Aka, “Interactive Multimedia Based on Android: A learning management system in elementary school,” Int. J. Learn. Ref. Elem. Educ., vol. 4, no. 02, pp. 82–99, 2025, doi: 10.56741/ijlree.v4i02.912. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56741/ijlree.v4i02.912
F. Fatkhomi and B. Widiyanto, “Integrasi Padlet dalam praktikum fisika dasar: Strategi penguatan literasi digital mahasiswa pendidikan IPA,” PSEJ (Pancasakti Sci. Educ. J.), vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 58–65, 2025, doi: 10.24905/psej.v10i1.167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24905/psej.v10i1.167
L. G. S. Dewi, I. N. Jampel, and I. M. C. Wibawa, “Reading literacy comics: Innovative learning media on the theme of energy and its changes,” Int. J. Elem. Educ., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 496–503, 2023, doi: 10.23887/ijee.v7i3.65314. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v7i3.65314
F. von Reumont and A. Budke, “Strategies for successful learning with geographical comics: An eye-tracking study with young learners,” Educ Sci (Basel), vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1–27, 2020, doi: 10.3390/educsci10100293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10100293
A. Niland, “Picture books, imagination and play: Pathways to positive reading identities for young children,” Educ Sci (Basel), vol. 13, no. 5, 2023, doi: 10.3390/educsci13050511. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13050511
Y. Sari, R. P. Sari, M. S. Sumantri, and A. Marini, “Development of digital comic for science learning in elementary school,” IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng, vol. 1098, no. 3, p. 032060, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/1098/3/032060. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1098/3/032060
N. Istiq’faroh, Suhardi, and A. Mustadi, “Improving elementary school students’ creativity and writing skills through digital comics,” Elem. Educ. On., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 426–435, 2020, doi: 10.17051/ilkonline.2020.689661. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2020.689661
R. Lestari, T. Haryono, and E. Erman, “Using comic-based socio-scientific issues in inquiry learning to increase interest and achievement in science learning,” Thabiea: J. Natural Sci. Teach., vol. 4, no. 1, p. 62, 2021, doi: 10.21043/thabiea.v4i1.9919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21043/thabiea.v4i1.9919
N. Hidayati Rofiah, T. N. A. Sinta, and R. Dewi, “Development of articulate storyline media for enhancing learning outcomes in natural and social sciences among elementary school students,” Al-Bidayah : J. Pendidik. Dasar Islam, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 19–40, 2024, doi: 10.14421/al-bidayah.v16i1.9559. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/al-bidayah.v16i1.9559
C. A. Eden, O. N. Chisom, and I. S. Adeniyi, “Promoting digital literacy and social equity in education: Lessons from successful initiatives,” Int. J. Mgmt. Entrep. Res., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 687–696, 2024, doi: 10.51594/ijmer.v6i3.880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v6i3.880
R. Radeswandri, A. Budiawan, R. Vebrianto, and M. Thahir, “Developing an instrument to measure the use of online comics as educational media,” J. Educ. Learn. (EduLearn), vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 119–126, 2021, doi: 10.11591/edulearn.v15i1.18961. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v15i1.18961
J. Darowski and V. L. Zullo, “Special issue: superheroes and comic books,” J. Graphic Novels and Comics, vol. 00, no. 00, pp. 1–4, 2025, doi: 10.1080/21504857.2025.2570985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21504857.2025.2570985
Kusmajid, Nani Solihati, and Siti Zulaiha, “Digital comics based on local wisdom: An innovative approach to enhancing elementary school students’ reading comprehension,” J. Pedagogi dan Pembelajaran, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 504–510, 2024, doi: 10.23887/jp2.v7i3.90760. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jp2.v7i3.90760
L. A. Mamolo, “Development of digital interactive math comics (DIMaC) for senior high school students in general mathematics,” Cogent Education, vol. 6, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.1080/2331186X.2019.1689639. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2019.1689639
A. Kalra et al., “Super Divya, an interactive digital storytelling instructional comic series to sustain facilitation skills of labor and delivery nurse mentors in Bihar, India—A pilot study,” Int J Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1–14, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijerph19052675. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052675
A. Huda, L. M. Sari, H. Effendi, M. Giatman, Firdaus, and M. Sukmawati, “Canva-based animation comic video media in informatics learning at SMP Negeri 14 Padang,” Int. J. Inf. Vis., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 120–127, 2025, doi: 10.62527/joiv.9.1.3177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.62527/joiv.9.1.3177
S. Premthaisong and N. Srisawasdi, “An effect of technology-infused active inquiry learning in primary school science on students’ conceptions of learning science,” Eurasia J. Math. Sci. Technol. Educ., vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 3–5, 2024, doi: 10.29333/EJMSTE/14662. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/14662
E. R. Khairullina, N. N. Kosarenko, A. A. Chistyakov, G. Erkiada, L. B. Vaskova, and V. P. Kotina, “A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of information and communication technologies in science education,” Eurasia J. Math. Sci. Technol. Educ., vol. 19, no. 10, 2023, doi: 10.29333/ejmste/13652. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/13652
N. MY, S. Hajar, and N. F. Arsyad, “Utilizing Quizizz for game-based learning in elementary science education,” J. Educ. Comput. Appl., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 12–19, 2024, doi: 10.69693/jeca.v1i1.2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69693/jeca.v1i1.2
H. D. Fadilah, “Development of e-comic teaching materials for social studies learning in elementary schools,” Profesi Pendidikan Dasar, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 109–120, 2021, doi: 10.23917/ppd.v8i2.15202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/ppd.v8i2.15202
S. Asli, “Enhancing wind energy awareness among fourth-grade students: The impact of comic-based learning on environmental education,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 1–18, 2025, doi: 10.3390/su17104636. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104636
N. Suprapto, K. Nisa’, I. Sya’roni, and A. S. Adam, “Scientific mapping and production analysis of digital comic, animation, and digital cartoon in education,” Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2024, doi: 10.1057/s41599-024-03513-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03513-4
M. S. Fitzgerald and K. B. Evans, “Integrating digital tools to enhance access to learning opportunities in project-based science instruction,” TechTrends, vol. 68, no. 5, pp. 882–891, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s11528-024-00975-w. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-024-00975-w
H. Diab, W. Daher, B. Rayan, N. Issa, and A. Rayan, “Transforming science education in elementary schools: The power of PhET simulations in enhancing student learning,” Multimodal Technol. Interact., vol. 8, no. 11, pp. 1–16, 2024, doi: 10.3390/mti8110105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/mti8110105
B. Le, G. A. Lawrie, and J. T. H. Wang, “Student Self-perception on Digital Literacy in STEM Blended Learning Environments,” J. Sci. Educ. Technol., vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 303–321, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s10956-022-09956-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-022-09956-1
A. Wan Nailah, A. Syahiza, H. Hasnisah, A. Rahayati, and A. Muhammad, “Influence of psychological well-being and school factors on delinquency, during the COVID-19 period among secondary school students in selected schools in Nakuru County, Kenya,” Int. J. Res. Innov. in Soc. Sci. (IJRISS), vol. VII, no. 2454, pp. 1175–1189, 2023, doi: 10.47772/IJRISS. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS
V. P. Coletta, “Evidence for a normal distribution of normalized gains,” Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res., vol. 19, no. 1, p. 10111, 2023, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.19.010111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.19.010111
T. Rahardjo et al., “Needs analysis for the development of culturally themed e-comic media to enhance elementary school students’ numeracy skills,” International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 77–87, 2025, doi: 10.47857/irjms.2025.v06i03.04167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2025.v06i03.04167
R. S. Lu, H. C. K. Lin, Y. C. Yang, and Y. P. Chen, “Integrating urban mining concepts through AI-generated storytelling and visuals: Advancing sustainability education in early childhood,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 16, no. 24, 2024, doi: 10.3390/su162411304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411304
I. Kusmaryono and H. R. Maharani, “Evaluation of the effect of digital comics on learning: How are students’ motivation and emotional reactions?” Int. J. Inf. Educ. Technol., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 195–205, 2025, doi: 10.18178/ijiet.2025.15.1.2232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2025.15.1.2232
N. R. Hidayat, R. Roemintoyo, and L. A. Sutimin, “Digital comics for differentiated learning: A strategy to enhance elementary reading skills,” JTP-J. Teknol. Pendidik., vol. 26, no. December, pp. 843–859, 2024, [Online]. Available: https://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/jtp/article/view/49718
J. O. Dick, W., Carey, L., & Carey, The Systematic Design of Instruction (9th ed.), 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, 2022.
H. Habiddin, M. Ashar, A. Hamdan, and K. R. Nasir, “Digital comic media for teaching secondary school science,” Int. J. Interact. Mobile Technol., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 159–166, 2022, doi: 10.3991/IJIM.V16I03.28967. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v16i03.28967
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Krisna Murti Anugraha, Rufi'i, Nurmida Catherine Sitompul

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.









