Determinants of Anxiety in Third-Trimester Pregnant Women in Bengkulu City

Endah Dwi Oktavika; Deni Maryani; Asmariyah; Suriyati; Nurmukaromatis Saleha

doi:10.56741/hesmed.v3i01.447

Authors

Endah Dwi Oktavika
edwioktavika@gmail.com
University of Bengkulu
Deni Maryani University of Bengkulu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4231-5129
Asmariyah University of Bengkulu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-801X
Suriyati University of Bengkulu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-6218
Nurmukaromatis Saleha University of Bengkulu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1528-4264

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56741/hesmed.v3i01.447

Keywords:

Anxiety, Determinants, Pregnant Women, Third-Trimester

Abstract

Pregnancy-related anxiety is a prevalent mental condition characterized by apprehension and fear about uncertain events. Several factors contribute to anxiety in pregnant women, including Age, education, gravidity, husband's support, and spiritual self-care. This research aims to identify the influencing factors on anxiety levels in third-trimester pregnant women facing the birthing process in Bengkulu City, utilizing a cross-sectional approach. Forty-four respondents were selected through purposive sampling, and data were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. The findings reveal significant relationships between Age (p-value 0.012 < 0.05), education (p-value 0.018 < 0.05), gravidity (p-value 0.026 < 0.05), husband's support (p-value 0.038 < 0.05), and spiritual self-care (p-value 0.000 < 0.05) and anxiety levels. In conclusion, Age, gravidity, education, husband's support, and spiritual self-care are associated with the anxiety levels of third-trimester pregnant women facing the birthing process in Bengkulu City.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Endah Dwi Oktavika, University of Bengkulu

is a dedicated student at the D3 Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bengkulu University, Indonesia located at Jalan Indra Giri No. 4 Padang Harapan Bengkulu, Indonesia. (email: edwioktavika@gmail.com).

Deni Maryani, University of Bengkulu

is a lecturer at the D3 Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, located at Jalan Indra Giri No. 4 Padang Harapan Bengkulu, Indonesia. She obtained her D4 education at Stikkes Tri Mandiri Sakti Bengkulu in 2011 and pursued her Master's in Kebidanan (Midwifery) at Universitas Padjadjaran, earning her degree in 2017. (email: dmaryani@unib.ac.id).

Asmariyah, University of Bengkulu

is a lecturer at the D3 Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, located at Jalan Indra Giri No. 4 Padang Harapan Bengkulu, Indonesia. She completed her D4 at Universitas Padjadjaran in 2005, and later pursued her Master's in Kebidanan (Midwifery) at Universitas Padjadjaran, graduating in 2017. (email: asmariyah.sst@gmail.com).

Suriyati, University of Bengkulu

is is a lecturer at the D3 Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, located at Jalan Indra Giri No. 4 Padang Harapan Bengkulu, Indonesia. She completed her Master's in Kebidanan (Midwifery) at Universitas Padjadjaran, graduating in 2017. (email: suriyati@unib.ac.id).

Nurmukaromatis Saleha, University of Bengkulu

is a lecturer at the D3 Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, located at Jalan Indra Giri No. 4 Padang Harapan Bengkulu, Indonesia. She earned her Bachelor's degree (S.Kep) from Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta in 2003, followed by a degree in Ners (Nurse Profession) from the same university in 2004. Later, she pursued her Master's in Kep (Nursing) at Universitas Indonesia, completing it in 2015. (email: nsaleha@unib.ac.id ).

References

Dağlar, G., Bilgiç, D., & ÖZKAN, S. A. (2019). Factors affecting the quality of life among pregnant women during third trimester of pregnancy. Cukurova medical journal, 44(3), 772-781. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.482553

Indonesian Ministry of Health. (2020). " Pedoman Pelayanan Antenatal, Persalinan, Nifas Dan Bayi Baru Lahir Di Era Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru. https://repository.kemkes.go.id/book/873

Central Statistics Agency. (2021). Number of Pregnant Women Giving Birth in Health Facilities and Death of Women During Pregnancy. https://bengkulu.bps.go.id/statictable/2021/07/03/612/jumlah-ibu-hamil-yang-melahirkan-di-faskes-dan-kematian-perempuan-pada-saat-hamil-melahirkan-menurut-kabupaten-kota-di-provinsi-bengkulu-2020.html

Bengkulu City Health Office. (2022). Profil Kesehatan Kota Bengkulu [Bengkulu City Health Profile in 2021]. https://dinkes.bengkuluprov.go.id/buku-profil-kesehatan/

Rooks, J. P. (1999). The midwifery model of care. Journal of Nurse-midwifery, 44(4), 370-374. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-2182(99)00060-9

Jangi Jahantigh, L., Latifi, Z., & Soltanizadeh, M. (2022). Effect of Self-healing Training on Death Anxiety and Sleep Quality of Older Women Living in Nursing Homes. Iranian Journal of Ageing, 17(3), 380-397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32598/sija.2022.3319.1

Thibaut, F., & van Wijngaarden-Cremers, P. J. (2020). Women's mental health in the time of Covid-19 pandemic. Frontiers in global women's health, 1, 588372. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fgwh.2020.588372

Ratiyun, R. S., Pawiliyah, P., Rahmawati, I., & Hilda, H. (2021, April). The Relationship between Knowledge of Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester with the Level of Anxiety in Dealing with Childbirth in the Working Area of Puskesmas Pasar Ikan Bengkulu City. In Al Insyirah International Scientific Conference on Health (Vol. 2, pp. 378-391).

Durankuş, F., & Aksu, E. (2022). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: a preliminary study. The Journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine, 35(2), 205-211. Available: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14767058.2020.1763946 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2020.1763946

Rockliffe, L., Peters, S., Heazell, A. E., & Smith, D. M. (2021). Factors influencing health behaviour change during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Health psychology review, 15(4), 613-632. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2021.1938632

Wulandari, L. A., & Retno, S. N. (2022). Autogenic Relaxation on Anxiety Among Pregnant Women at Trimulyo Community Health Center, East Lampung. Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 7(S1), 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v7iS1.1188

Hassanzadeh, R., Abbas-Alizadeh, F., Meedya, S., Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2020). Fear of childbirth, anxiety and depression in three groups of primiparous pregnant women not attending, irregularly attending and regularly attending childbirth preparation classes. BMC women's health, 20, 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01048-9

Kao, L. E., Peteet, J. R., & Cook, C. C. (2020). Spirituality and mental health. Journal for the Study of Spirituality, 10(1), 42-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2020.1726048

Posluns, K., & Gall, T. L. (2020). Dear mental health practitioners, take care of yourselves: A literature review on self-care. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 42, 1-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-019-09382-w

Dehestani, H., Moshfeghy, Z., Ghodrati, F., & Akbarzadeh, M. (2019). The relationship of spiritual health and mother’s forgiveness with her anxiety in the labor of the pregnant women. International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, 7(2), 174-179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2019.29

Maasoumi, R., Dastaran, F., Faghihiniya, F., Haghani, S., & Sabetghadam, S. (2023). The Effect of Spiritual Self-care Intervention with a Blended Learning Approach on Anxiety in Women with Preterm Labor: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 11(2), 85-95.

Buttriss, J. L., Welch, A. A., Kearney, J. M., & Lanham-New, S. A. (Eds.). (2017). Public health nutrition. John Wiley & Sons.

Goodman, J. H., Guarino, A., Chenausky, K., Klein, L., Prager, J., Petersen, R., ... & Freeman, M. (2014). CALM Pregnancy: results of a pilot study of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for perinatal anxiety. Archives of women's mental health, 17, 373-387. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-013-0402-7

Ningsih, I. I., & Nuzuliana, R. (2021). Anxiety Level of Pregnant Mother in Facing Childbirth. Anxiety, 15(6), 1526-1529. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561526

Nekoee, T., & Zarei, M. (2015). Evaluation the anxiety status of pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy and fear of childbirth and related factors. British journal of medicine and medical research, 9(12), 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2015/19784

Weikart, D. P. (2000). Early Childhood Education: Need and Opportunity. Fundamentals of Educational Planning 65. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7 place de Fontenoy, F 75352, Paris 07 SP, France.

Meyrose, A. K., Klasen, F., Otto, C., Gniewosz, G., Lampert, T., & Ravens-Sieberer, U. (2018). Benefits of maternal education for mental health trajectories across childhood and adolescence. Social science & medicine, 202, 170-178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.02.026

Rinata, E., & Andayani, G. A. (2018). Maternal characteristics (age, parity, education) and family support with anxiety in third trimester pregnant women. Medisains, 16, 14-20, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://jurnalnasional.ump.ac.id/index.php/medisains DOI: https://doi.org/10.30595/medisains.v16i1.2063

Homer, C. S. (2016). Models of maternity care: evidence for midwifery continuity of care. Medical Journal of Australia, 205(8), 370-374. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5694/mja16.00844

Hall, W. A., Hauck, Y. L., Carty, E. M., Hutton, E. K., Fenwick, J., & Stoll, K. (2009). Childbirth fear, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep deprivation in pregnant women. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 38(5), 567-576. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2009.01054.x

Zhang, T., Liu, M., Min, F., Wei, W., Liu, Y., Tong, J., ... & Chen, X. (2023). Fear of childbirth and its determinants in pregnant women in the third trimester: a cross-sectional study. BMC psychiatry, 23(1), 574. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05070-7

Priyambada, K., Pattojoshi, A., & Bakhla, A. K. (2017). A study of antenatal anxiety: comparison across trimesters. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6(5), 1810-1814. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20171504

Dewhurst, J. (2012). Dewhurst's textbook of obstetrics and gynaecology. John Wiley & Sons.

Marcelina, L. A., Rachmawati, I. N., & Ungsianik, T. (2019). Dissatisfaction with the husband support increases childbirth fear among Indonesian primigravida. Enfermeria clinica, 29, 379-383. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.047

Moussa, A., & Tayel, A. (2015). Anxiety through the Three Trimesters of Pregnancy. Alexandria Scientific Nursing Journal, 17(1), 75-90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/asalexu.2015.208734