The Role of Menarcheal Age and Parity in the Development of Uterine Leiomyoma

Elvina Fawwaz Maharizdihar; Yuni Prastyo Kurniati

doi:10.56741/hesmed.v4i03.1415

Authors

Elvina Fawwaz Maharizdihar Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Yuni Prastyo Kurniati
ypk134@ums.ac.id
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56741/hesmed.v4i03.1415

Keywords:

case-control study, menarche age, parity, reproductive risk factors, uterine leiomyoma

Abstract

Uterine leiomyoma is the most prevalent benign neoplasm of the female reproductive tract during the reproductive years; however, its precise etiology remains incompletely understood. Age at menarche and parity have been proposed as potential risk factors, although previous studies have reported inconsistent findings. This study aimed to evaluate the association between age at menarche and parity with the occurrence of uterine leiomyoma. This research employed a case-control design, in which uterine leiomyoma constituted the case group and adenomyosis served as the control group, conducted at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta. The study included 113 participants, comprising 73 cases of uterine leiomyoma and 40 cases of adenomyosis as controls, identified through histopathological records from 2023. Data were assessed using Chi-Square and logistic regression analyses. The findings revealed that most respondents experienced menarche at a normal age and were either primiparous or multiparous. Statistical testing demonstrated a significant association between age at menarche (p = 0.007; OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.414–1.939) and the incidence of uterine leiomyoma, whereas parity was not significantly associated (p = 0.384; OR = 1.509, 95% CI = 0.596–3.825). Future studies are recommended to include more balanced sample group proportions and additional risk factors to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of uterine leiomyoma etiology.

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Author Biographies

Elvina Fawwaz Maharizdihar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Elvina Fawwaz Maharizdihar is undergraduate medical student at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Her academic interest focuses on women’s reproductive health, particularly the role of menarcheal age and parity in the development of uterine leiomyoma. In addition to her studies, she also serves as a teaching assistant at the Laboratory of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. (email: elvinafawwazmaharizdihar1406@gmail.com).

Yuni Prastyo Kurniati, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Yuni Prastyo Kurniati is a medical specialist in Anatomical Pathology and currently serves as the Head of the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. She holds dual master’s degress in Anatomical Pathology (Sp.PA) and Health Management (M.M.Kes). Her academic expertise lies in anatomical pathology with a particular research focus on tumor and malignancies, especially in the bone and soft tissue cancers. She has authored several scientific publications in national and international journals, including her most notable article, “Analyzing socio-enviromental determinats of bone and soft tissue cancer in Indonesia”, publish in BMC Cancer (2024), an international Scopus and Web of Science indexed journal. In addition, she has contributed to various community service project and academic collaborations in the field of pathology and public heatlh. (email: ypk134@ums.ac.id)

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