Impact of Social Isolation on Anxiety and Depression Post COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Solutions

Muzamil Hussain Al Hussaini; Shumaila Kausar; Muhammad Tabarak Ul Huda Shah; Nousheen Munawar

doi:10.56741/jphs.v3i02.660

Authors

Muzamil Hussain Al Hussaini
muzamilqurtuba@gmail.com
Thal University
Shumaila Kausar Superior University of Lahore
Muhammad Tabarak Ul Huda Shah Thal University
Nousheen Munawar University of Karachi

Keywords:

Anxiety, COVID-19, Depression, Mental health, Psychological well-being, Social isolation

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has markedly impacted mental health worldwide, with social isolation being a significant factor contributing to increased anxiety and depression. This research explores the psychological effects of prolonged social isolation during and after the pandemic. The study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression, identify associated risk factors, and propose effective interventions. The hypothesis posits that increased social isolation correlates with heightened levels of anxiety and depression. The population for this study includes adults aged 18-65 from both urban and rural areas. 500 participants were selected using stratified random sampling to ensure a diverse demographic representation. This cross-sectional study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Data collection tools include the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), along with semi-structured interview guides. Quantitative data were analyzed using statistical techniques such as regression analysis, while qualitative data were undergone thematic analysis. The results offer insights into the mental health challenges posed by social isolation and suggest evidence-based solutions to mitigate these effects.

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Author Biographies

Muzamil Hussain Al Hussaini, Thal University

is a PhD scholar and visiting lecturer in the Department of Education at Thal University in Bhakkar. He frequently serves as the Publication Chair for international conferences and is also a skilled web designer, online marketing adviser, and technical support for iistr.org. His multifaceted expertise spans academia and practical applications in digital technology and marketing. (email: muzamilqurtuba@gmail.com).

Shumaila Kausar, Superior University of Lahore

serves as a lecturer at the Choudhry Abdul Haq Khaliq Center for Contemporary Islamic Studies (CAKCIS) at the Superior University of Lahore, Pakistan. With a focus on contemporary Islamic studies, she contributes to the academic exploration and understanding of Islamic thought and practices in modern contexts. (email: shumalakausar.sk@gmail.com).

Muhammad Tabarak Ul Huda Shah, Thal University

is a BS Researcher at the Department of Education, Thal University Bhakkar, Pakistan. He continues to participate in various research conferences and academic research Most of their focus is on educational structure curriculum development and planning & management. (email: taburkulhuda45@gmail.com).

Nousheen Munawar, University of Karachi

is currently employed as a lecturer in the Department of College and Management Sciences at the University of Karachi, Pakistan. Alongside her teaching role, she actively contributes to research publications in two majors and engages in research analysis. With her commitment to both academia and research, Nousheen plays a pivotal role in advancing knowledge and expertise in her field. (email: nousheenmunwar1@gmail.com).

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