Artificial Intelligence for Human Life: A Critical Opinion from Medical Bioethics Perspective – Part II

Urfa Khairatun Hisan; Muhammad Miftahul Amri

doi:10.56741/jphs.v1i02.215

Authors

Urfa Khairatun Hisan
urfa.hisan@med.uad.ac.id
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-3542
Muhammad Miftahul Amri Universitas Ahmad Dahlan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-8484

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence (AI), Human Life, Ethics, Trustworthy AI, Medical Bioethics

Abstract

Healthcare and medical fields are among the areas of AI applications that require serious attention when it comes to ethical and trustworthy AI. In the medical field, artificial intelligence is applied in laboratory research, regulation-policy making, and clinical intervention. Several factors need to be seriously accounted for in the AI-empowered healthcare system, including algorithm transparency, bias mitigation, domain-expert involvement, privacy and data protection, and informed consent. In this article, we summarized the applications of AI in the field of medical and healthcare sectors. We also presented the possible ethical issues in AI applications in mentioned sectors. These issues include transparency and safety, informed consent and right to information, algorithmic fairness and biases, and data privacy and sharing regulation. We then present the basic principles of AI ethics and the existing AI guidelines, especially for the fields of medicine and healthcare. Based on the existing issues and guidelines, we believe that there are still many factors that need to be perfected, such as how we can generalize these guidelines worldwide and how these guidelines can be legally-binding. Detailed clauses in the guideline and law enforcement are another issue that should be addressed such that no loophole can be addressed. Ethical consideration is critical in AI applications, especially in the medical and healthcare fields. Until these issues can be totally addressed, we believe that AI applications in healthcare should be very strictly monitored.

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Author Biographies

Urfa Khairatun Hisan, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Urfa Khairatun Hisan is a lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and a graduate student of the Department of Bioethics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. She received her B.Med. and M.D. degrees from the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, in 2017 and 2019, respectively. Her research interests include public health and bioethics in medicine. She can be contacted at email: urfa.hisan@med.uad.ac.id.

Muhammad Miftahul Amri, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Muhammad Miftahul Amri received his B.S. degree from the Department of Computer Science and Electronics, Universitas Gadjah Mada Indonesia in 2018, and the M.S. degree from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University South Korea in 2021, where he is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree. In 2022, he received the M.M. degree and professional engineer title, respectively, from Universitas Terbuka and Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Indonesia. In 2021, he joined the faculty at Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia, where he is currently a lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering. His research interests include wireless communications and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces.

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