Occupational Safety Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Supply System Construction in Complex Topography Using Fuzzy-FMEA and Fault Tree Analysis

Salma Fidela Tiantara; Agus Suharyanto; Yatnanta Padma Devia

doi:10.56741/IISTR.esl.002548

Authors

Salma Fidela Tiantara
salmatiantarad@gmail.com
Universitas Brawijaya
Agus Suharyanto Universitas Brawijaya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1508-7685
Yatnanta Padma Devia Universitas Brawijaya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-3008

Keywords:

Complex Topography, Drinking Water Supply System, Fault Tree Analysis, Fuzzy FMEA, Occupational Health and Safety

Abstract

The construction of Drinking Water Supply System in areas with complex topography faces heightened occupational health and safety (OHS) risks due to steep slopes, limited access, and unstable soil, yet existing OHS risk studies in Indonesian construction have concentrated on urban and high-rise projects, leaving the risk profile of rural water infrastructure in complex terrain largely unexamined. This study identifies, assesses, and prioritizes OHS risks in Drinking Water Suply System (Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum or SPAM) construction, using a hybrid Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (Fuzzy-FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) approach, and traces the root causes of priority risks to formulate mitigation strategies suited to the site topography. Conducted on projects in three villages in Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia, with 43 respondents selected through purposive sampling, the study identified 37 potential risks through field observation, interviews, and literature review, and assessed each on the Severity, Occurrence, and Detection parameters using a Mamdani fuzzy inference system. Four risks were classified as High Risk, led by heavy material handling failure and workers falling into the river during river-crossing work, with human and management factors dominating the root causes identified through FTA, and environmental factors (steep slopes and river proximity) contributing more prominently than in previous high-rise building studies. These findings indicate that complex topography reshapes OHS risk priorities away from the structural and height related risks typical of urban construction toward terrain driven hazards, and the study contributes a topography sensitive risk assessment framework together with targeted technical, human, management, and environmental control strategies for rural water infrastructure projects in similarly challenging terrain.

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Author Biographies

Salma Fidela Tiantara, Universitas Brawijaya

Magister Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.

Agus Suharyanto, Universitas Brawijaya

Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.

Yatnanta Padma Devia, Universitas Brawijaya

Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.

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