Analysis of Patterns and Drag of Tandem Minibus Models in Various Configurations

Wawan Rauf; Rahmad Hidayat Boli; Sahional Ishak; Novriyanti Talango

doi:10.56741/IISTR.esl.001961

Authors

Wawan Rauf
wawanrauf241193@yahoo.com
University of Gorontalo
Rahmad Hidayat Boli University of Gorontalo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4450-6156
Sahional Ishak tbd
Novriyanti Talango University of Gorontalo

Keywords:

Drag, Flow Separation, Laminar Flow, Tandem

Abstract

The flow through three mini buses arranged in tandem is one type of fluid flow in infrastructure and transportation engineering. The characteristics of the flow pattern formed in each vehicle have an influence on the flow pattern formed in other vehicles. The purpose of this study is to analyze the drag coefficient and characteristics of the flow pattern in models in various configurations and distances between models. The test was conducted by applying experimental methods and numerical computation to obtain the characteristics of the flow pattern. Specifically to obtain the results of the drag coefficient, the method used was only numerical computation. The results of the study showed that the distance between the M/D models influenced the flow pattern formed in all configurations. The smallest drag coefficient for each configuration 1 Cd = 1.43285 at M/D = 0.03, Configuration 2 Cd = 0.80341 at M/D = 0.01, and configuration 3 Cd = 0.77911 at M/D = 0.03 as well as the model with the lowest drag compared to all distances in configuration 1 and configuration 2.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Wawan Rauf, University of Gorontalo

tbd

Rahmad Hidayat Boli, University of Gorontalo

tbd

Sahional Ishak, tbd

tbd

Novriyanti Talango, University of Gorontalo

tbd

References

N. Salam, R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, M.A. Jimran, M. Ihsan, ‘’Flow Separation in Four Configurations of Three Tandem Minibus Models’’, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 236-247, May 2021, doi: 10.18178/ijmerr.10.5.236-247 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18178/ijmerr.10.5.236-247

N. Salam, R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, M. Ihsan, M.A. Jimran, ‘’Flow drags across three minibus car models arranged in tandem in four configurations’’, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, pp. 1-9, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1173/1/012046. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1173/1/012046

T. Tsui, T. Igarashi, ‘’ Drag reduction of a circular cylinder in an air-stream’’, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 90, pp. 527-541, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(01)00199-4

S.J. Lee, S.I. Lee, C.W. Park,’’ Reducing the drag on a circular cylinder by upstream installation of a small control rod’’, Fluid Dynamics Research, Vol. 34, pp. 233-250, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluiddyn.2004.01.001

T.A. Fox, ‘’ Interference in the wake of two square-section cylinders arranged perpendicular to each other’’, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 40, pp. 75-92, 1992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90522-C

A. Dolaglu, ‘’ Pressure drop in a channel with cylinders in tandem arrangement’’, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 35, pp. 76-83, 2008, doi:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2007.05.011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2007.05.011

N. Salam, R. Tarakka, L. Kasim, M.A. Wahab, ‘’ Experimental Study of the Influence of Flap Angle Configuration on the Drag Coefficient of Airfoil Model of Homebuilt Aircraft’’, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2024, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2739/1/012021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2739/1/012021

M.N. Sudin, M.A. Abdullah, S.A. Shamsuddin, F.R. Ramli, M.M. Tahir, ‘’ Review of Research on Vehicles Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Methods, International Journal of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering IJMME-IJENS, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 35-47, April. 2014.

N. Salam, R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, R. Bachmid, ‘’ The Effect of the Addition of Inlet Disturbance Body (IDB) to Flow Resistance Through the Square Cylinders Arranged in Tandem’’, International Review of Mechanical Engineering (I.RE.M.E.), Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 181-190, March 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v11i3.11338. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v11i3.11338

N. Salam, R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, M. Ihsan, ‘’ Flow Separation Across Three Square Cylinders Arranged in Serial and Parallel Tandem Configuration’’, International Journal on Engineering Applications (IREA), Vol. 8, No. 3, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.15866/irea.v8i3.18302. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15866/irea.v8i3.18302

W. Rauf, M. Rifal, R. Pido, R.H. Boli, ‘’ Numerical computational and experimental study of the effect of active control systems on vehicle models’’, Dinamika Teknik Mesin, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 20-27, April 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.29303/dtm.v14i1.706. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/dtm.v14i1.706

D.P. Paramaputera, S. Tobing, M.G. Andika, ‘’ Effects Of Crosswind On The Drag Of Medium Speed Trains’’, Rekayasa Mesin, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 407-415, May 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v13i2.1011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v13i2.1011

R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, N. Salam, Muhsyafir, M.I. Mukrim, ‘’ Effects of the Additions of Fin and Suction on Aerodynamic Drags of Vehicle Model’’, Proceedings of International Conference on Energy, Manufacture, Advanced Material and Mechatronics, pp. 1-10, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0126979. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0126979

A. Brandt, B. Jacobson, S. Sebben, ‘’ High speed driving stability of road vehicles under crosswinds: an aerodynamic and vehicle dynamic parametric sensitivity analysis, International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility, Vol. 60, No. 7, pp. 2334-2357, 22, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2021.1903516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2021.1903516

S. Habiba, N. Salam, R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, M. Ihsan, ‘’ The Effect of Size Ratios of the Triangular Disturbance Cylinder to the Square Cylinder to the Flow Drag of Tandem Objects, International Journal of Engineering and Science Applications, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 55-62, May 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.20956/ijesca.v10i1.4901.

T. Ragavan, S. Palanikumar, D. Anastraj, R. Arulalagan, ‘’ Aerodynamic Drag Reduction on Race Cars’’, Journal of Basic and Applied Engineering Research, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 99-103, October 2014.

S.P. Nallusamy, P.K. Mahali, ‘’Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Drag Force On Scaled Car Model, Thermal Science, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 1153-1158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI16S4153P

R. Tarakka, N. Salam, A.A. Mochtar, W. Rauf, M. Ihsan, On the Aerodynamics of Rear of Vehicle Model with Active Control by Blowing: Computational and Experimental Analysis, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 84-90, March 2023, doi: 10.18178/ijmerr.12.2.84-90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18178/ijmerr.12.2.84-90

M.N.F. Kamal, I.A. Ishak, N. Darlis, D.S.B. Maji, S.L.Sukiman, R.A. Rashid, M.A. Azizul, ‘’ A Review of Aerodynamics Influence on Various Car Model Geometry through CFD Techniques’’, Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, Vol. 88, No. 1, pp. 109-125, October 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.88.1.109125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.88.1.109125

R. Tarakka, N. Salam, Jalaluddin, W. Rauf, M. Ihsan, ‘’ Aerodynamic drag reduction on the application of suction flow control on a vehicle model with varied upstream velocity, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, pp. 1-9, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1173/1/012045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1173/1/012045

S. Kulkarni, G. Gandole, P. Gaikwad, J.N. Yadav, ‘’ A Review of Aerodynamic Study for Reduction of Drag Force in Cars to Enhance the Performance’’, International Journal on Emerging Trends in Technology (IJETT), Vol. 5, No. 1, April 2018.

S.M.R. Hasan, T. Islam, M. Ali, M.Q. Islam, ‘’ Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Drag Reduction of Racing Cars, 10th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICME 2013, Vol. 90, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.854. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.854

S. Habiba, N. Salam, R. Tarakka, Jalaluddin, M. Ihsan, ‘’Effects of the Application of Inlet Disturbance Bodies to Drag Coefficients of Tandem Arranged Square Cylinders, The Proceedings of the 4th EPI International Conference on Science and Engineering (EICSE), pp. 1-8, doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0102895. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0102895

R. Kumar, N. Varshan, T. Kannan, ‘’ Aerodynamic design optimization of an automobile car using computational fluid dynamics approach, Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, pp. 1-7, 2019, doi: 10.1080/14484846.2019.1654963. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14484846.2019.1654963