Artificial Intelligence in Classroom Learning: Fostering Growth Mindset and Critical Thinking in the Digital Era

Mita Ariyanti; Mustika Ayu; Zulia Maharani; Ika Maryani; Muhammad Ragil Kurniawan

doi:10.56741/IISTR.bei.002280

Authors

Mita Ariyanti Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Mustika Ayu Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Zulia Maharani Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Ika Maryani
ika.maryani@uad.ac.id
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-2902
Muhammad Ragil Kurniawan Universitas Ahmad Dahlan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8576-4768

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56741/IISTR.bei.002280

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, Classroom Learning, Critical Thinking, Educational Technology, Growth Mindset

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed educational practices, especially in classroom learning environments. While AI provides opportunities for personalized learning, adaptive feedback, and enhanced engagement, concerns have also emerged regarding student dependency and reduced critical thinking skills. This study aims to explore the integration of AI in classroom learning and its relationship with growth mindset development among students. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the research analyzes classroom learning strategies that utilize AI as a collaborative learning partner rather than as a replacement for human cognition. Data were obtained from literature studies and classroom learning observations focusing on AI-supported learning activities, critical thinking development, and growth mindset orientation. The findings indicate that AI can function effectively as a learning stimulus that encourages reflective thinking, supports student engagement, and facilitates feedback-driven learning processes. However, without proper guidance, AI may also lead to overreliance and reduced independent thinking. Therefore, teachers play a crucial role in guiding students to use AI responsibly and productively. The results show that AI integration combined with growth mindset principles can enhance learning motivation, promote resilience when facing academic challenges, and encourage collaborative knowledge construction. This research highlights the importance of pedagogical strategies that position AI as a learning partner while maintaining the central role of human reasoning and creativity in education.

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Author Biographies

Mita Ariyanti, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

is a student in the teacher professional education program at Ahmad Dahlan University, majoring in Pancasila Education. She focuses on Pancasila values and the development of character education in students. She believes that education should not only be oriented toward academic achievement, but also toward shaping attitudes, morals, and personalities in accordance with the noble values of the nation. (email: mithaariyanti5@gmail.com).

Mustika Ayu, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

is an alumnus of the Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) Study Program, S-1 at Halu Oleo University, Southeast Sulawesi, class of 2020. Currently, the author is studying for the Teacher Professional Education Program (PPG) for Prospective Teachers, class of 2026, at Ahmad Dahlan University. (email: mustikaayu691@gmail.com).

Zulia Maharani, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

is currently enrolled in the Teacher Professional Education (PPG) program for prospective teachers at Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. She is a graduate of the undergraduate program in Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) at Universitas Negeri Semarang. Her academic interests include civic education, and the strengthening of democratic values among students. She believes that education plays a vital role in shaping responsible, participatory, and ethically grounded citizens. (email: zuliamaharaniii@gmail.com).

Ika Maryani, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

is an Associate Professor at the Department of Doctoral Program in Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (UAD), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In 2022, she obtained her doctoral degree in educational studies, focusing on science education. Her research interests lie in teacher education, science education, higher education, and learning innovation. Her works have been published in books, articles, and proceedings at national and international levels. (email: ika.maryani@uad.ac.id).

Muhammad Ragil Kurniawan, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

is affiliated with the Department of Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD), Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. He earned his bachelor’s degree in educational technology from Universitas Negeri Malang and his master’s degree in Learning Technology from Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. His research focuses on educational technology, digital learning innovation, and instructional media development in primary education (email: ragil.kurniawan@uad.ac.id).

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