Evaluasi Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) di Puskesmas Pegandon Kabupaten Kendal Studi Kualitatif pada Petugas PONED Puskesmas Pegandon
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Abstract
Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) merupakan bentuk intervensi kesehatan ibu dan bayi yang telah terbukti berkontribusi signifikan dalam menekan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatal. Meskipun demikian, penerapannya di berbagai fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan masih dihadapkan pada beragam kendala. Di Indonesia, walaupun kebijakan IMD telah menjadi bagian dari standar pelayanan persalinan, pelaksanaannya pada tingkat pelayanan kesehatan primer belum sepenuhnya berjalan secara optimal. Pelaksanaan IMD di Puskesmas Pegandon sebanyak 60% berlangsung kurang dari satu jam. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini di Puskesmas PONED Pegandon, Kabupaten Kendal, dengan menitikberatkan pada aspek pemahaman, persepsi, dan praktik bidan pelaksana dalam mendukung implementasi IMD. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan rancangan fenomenologis, yang melibatkan bidan pelaksana PONED dan koordinator sebagai informan utama. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner, wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen terkait pelaksanaan IMD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas bidan telah memiliki pemahaman yang baik mengenai urgensi IMD. Namun, pelaksanaan di lapangan belum berlangsung secara konsisten, dikarenakan kurangnya keterampilan teknis, lemahnya kebijakan internal, tingginya beban kerja, lemahnya pengawasan, minimnya supervisi serta belum meratanya pelatihan IMD yang terstandarisasi. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan implementasi IMD sangat bergantung pada sinergi antara kompetensi tenaga kesehatan dan dukungan kebijakan internal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya penguatan kebijakan, peningkatan kapasitas tenaga kesehatan secara berkelanjutan, serta pembangunan budaya kerja berbasis bukti guna memastikan pelaksanaan IMD yang konsisten dan efektif.
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Accepted 2026-06-27
Published 2026-06-30
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References
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