Development of a Visual Attention Game Using Difference Detection Mechanics: Design and Usability Evaluation

Bambang Robi'in; Wahyu Pujiyono; M. Bobbyzal Cendana Ze

doi:10.56741/jnest.v5i02.2215

Development of a Visual Attention Game Using Difference Detection Mechanics: Design and Usability Evaluation

Authors

Bambang Robi'in Universitas Ahmad Dahlan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9888-4101
Wahyu Pujiyono Universitas Ahmad Dahlan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-2463
M. Bobbyzal Cendana Ze Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56741/jnest.v5i02.2215

Keywords:

Difference Detection, Interactive System, Mobile Game, Usability Evaluation, Visual Attention

Abstract

The increasing use of mobile devices has led to the widespread adoption of digital games as interactive systems. However, most mobile games are primarily designed for entertainment and rarely incorporate structured interaction mechanisms to support cognitive training. This study presents the design and development of a visual attention-based mobile game that uses difference-detection mechanics as its core interaction model. The game, named FindX, was developed using the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) framework, including initiation, pre-production, production, and testing stages, and implemented using the Unity engine on the Android platform. The system incorporates structured gameplay elements, including progressive difficulty levels, time constraints, and penalty mechanisms for incorrect interactions, to encourage focused visual processing. Functional testing was conducted using a black-box approach to ensure system reliability. Expert evaluation using the Learning Object Review Instrument (LORI) was performed to assess media quality and content suitability. In addition, usability testing was conducted with 23 participants using the System Usability Scale (SUS). The results indicate that the system achieved a media quality score of 80% and a content feasibility score of 93.3%. The usability evaluation produced an average SUS score of 74.1, categorized as Good and Acceptable. These findings indicate that the proposed system is functional, of good media and content quality, and user-friendly, providing a usable interactive environment designed to support visual attention training through structured game mechanics. Efficacy in improving visual attention was not measured in this study and is identified as future work.

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Author Biographies

Bambang Robi'in, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

is a lecturer actively engaged in computer science research at Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. His research activities include the development of educational games and interactive learning media, particularly those utilizing augmented reality technology. In this study, he contributed to software development and experimental testing. (email: bambang.robiin@uad.ac.id).

Wahyu Pujiyono, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

is a Senior Lecturer in the Informatics Study Program at Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. He earned his Bachelor’s degree in Mathematics from Universitas Gadjah Mada and a Master’s degree in Computer Science from Universitas Indonesia. His areas of expertise include multimedia, mobile computing, and enterprise systems. He has been actively involved in research and development of interactive learning media and information systems based on augmented reality and mobile computing, and has obtained several intellectual property rights for educational applications developed in collaboration with colleagues. In this study, his contributions included research methodology design and technical supervision. (email: yywahyup@tif.uad.ac.id).

M. Bobbyzal Cendana Ze, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

is an undergraduate student at Ahmad Dahlan University with research interests in game development and the Internet of Things (IoT). His work focuses on the design and implementation of interactive digital systems and the application of technology to enhance user experience. (email: ze2000018127@webmail.uad.ac.id).

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